• DAY48SVR: Nws Storm Prediction Center Norman Ok

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Mar 26 08:50:54 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 260850
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 260848

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0348 AM CDT Thu Mar 26 2026

    Valid 291200Z - 031200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    Severe weather potential will remain low through the end of the
    upcoming weekend, and while a gradual increase in severe weather
    potential is anticipated through next week, predictability remains
    limited. Extended-range deterministic and ensemble solutions
    continue to generally show good agreement in the eastward
    translation of the upper ridge currently over the Southwest towards
    the East Coast through the middle of next week. This will not only
    result in increasing southwesterly flow over the central CONUS, but
    will also promote lee troughing/cyclogenesis with an attendant
    uptick in moisture return into the Plains/MS Valley.

    Recent GEFS forecasts show high confidence in a return of slightly
    above seasonal moisture into the eastern Plains and Midwest by the
    D5/Monday to D6/Tuesday time frame. Severe thunderstorm potential is
    expected to generally increase during this period as weak impulses
    embedded within the broader southwest flow regime overspread the
    returning moisture. Based on more bullish deterministic solutions,
    some severe risk may materialize across the Midwest late D5/Monday
    into D6/Tuesday within a warm frontal zone, and potentially across
    the central Plains on D7/Wednesday or D8/Thursday as a cold front
    pushes southeast in tandem with the intensification of a surface
    low.

    While these signals are noted, run-to-run variability among
    deterministic guidance remains fairly high regarding the
    evolution/placement of surface features and convective environments
    beyond D6/Tuesday. Latest GEFS and ECENS guidance, as well as
    long-range ensemble clustering and extended calibrated guidance,
    show a substantial increase in variance by mid-week, which implies
    limited confidence in any particular solution. While not surprising
    at this range and with an upper-level regime shift yet to occur, it
    remains unclear when predictability of any mid-week severe threat
    will substantially improve.

    ..Moore.. 03/26/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 3 08:22:56 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 030822
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 030821

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0321 AM CDT Fri Apr 03 2026

    Valid 061200Z - 111200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Monday/Day 4 to Wednesday/Day 6...
    From Monday to Wednesday, a relatively dry and cool airmass is
    forecast to settle in across the continental U.S. For this reason,
    thunderstorm potential will be low over most of the nation.

    ...Thursday/Day 7 to Friday/Day 8...
    A large area of surface high pressure is forecast to move eastward
    in the western Atlantic by Thursday, as moisture return takes place
    into the south-central states. Scattered thunderstorm development
    will be possible during the day from the southern and central Plains
    eastward into the lower to mid Mississippi Valley. A chance for
    thunderstorms will continue into Friday over the same general area
    as moisture advection continues. An isolated severe threat will be
    possible each afternoon and evening, but the confidence in the
    spatial distribution regarding any potential threat is low at this
    time.

    ..Broyles.. 04/03/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 13 09:00:23 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 130900
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 130858

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0358 AM CDT Fri Mar 13 2026

    Valid 161200Z - 211200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    Significant severe winds and the potential for a few tornadoes will
    develop on Monday over parts of the Carolinas and Mid Atlantic.

    Models are in good agreement with the large scale pattern on
    Monday/D4, depicting a deep upper trough moving out of the
    Mississippi Valley and ejecting in negative-tilt fashion across the
    Mid Atlantic and into to the Northeast.

    Given the antecedent upper ridging on the previous day, low-level
    southerly winds will help to moisten the air mass well ahead of an
    approaching cold front. By 12Z Monday, 60s F dewpoints will already
    extend from northern GA across the Piedmont and into southeast VA,
    and this plume of moisture will rapidly spread north with near 60 F
    dewpoints into southeast PA by 00Z.

    There appears to be two regimes for severe potential on Monday.
    First, up to 1000 J/kg MUCAPE may develop well ahead of the
    approaching cold front, and there is some indication that scattered
    convection may occur across the warm sector from mid to late
    afternoon. If this occurs, supercells would be most likely, with
    potential for a few tornadoes from the Carolinas into eastern VA.

    Models also indicate an elongated pressure fall/rise couplet, which
    when combined with 50-70 kt 850 mb winds and extreme low-level
    shear, could easily result in a QLCS along the cold front with
    corridors of significant damaging winds and embedded tornado risk.

    Beyond Monday/D4, stable air behind this system will likely preclude
    any severe threat through Friday/D8.

    ..Jewell.. 03/13/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 13 19:53:27 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 131953
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 131951

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0251 PM CDT Fri Mar 13 2026

    Valid 161200Z - 211200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    Significant severe winds and the potential for a few tornadoes will
    develop on Monday over parts of the Carolinas and Mid Atlantic.

    Models are in good agreement with the large scale pattern on
    Monday/D4, depicting a deep upper trough moving out of the
    Mississippi Valley and ejecting in negative-tilt fashion across the
    Mid Atlantic and into to the Northeast.

    Given the antecedent upper ridging on the previous day, low-level
    southerly winds will help to moisten the air mass well ahead of an
    approaching cold front. By 12Z Monday, 60s F dewpoints will already
    extend from northern GA across the Piedmont and into southeast VA,
    and this plume of moisture will rapidly spread north with near 60 F
    dewpoints into southeast PA by 00Z.

    There appears to be two regimes for severe potential on Monday.
    First, up to 1000 J/kg MUCAPE may develop well ahead of the
    approaching cold front, and there is some indication that scattered
    convection may occur across the warm sector from mid to late
    afternoon. If this occurs, supercells would be most likely, with
    potential for a few tornadoes from the Carolinas into eastern VA.

    Models also indicate an elongated pressure fall/rise couplet, which
    when combined with 50-70 kt 850 mb winds and extreme low-level
    shear, could easily result in a QLCS along the cold front with
    corridors of significant damaging winds and embedded tornado risk.

    Beyond Monday/D4, stable air behind this system will likely preclude
    any severe threat through Friday/D8.

    ..Jewell.. 03/13/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 13 20:06:26 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 132006
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 132004

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook AMEND 1
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0304 PM CDT Fri Mar 13 2026

    Valid 161200Z - 211200Z

    AMENDED TO EXPAND D4/MONDAY THREAT AREAS

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Updated discussion for D4...
    The majority of deterministic and ensemble model guidance agree on a
    deep midlevel trough and associated cold front that will move
    eastward across the Appalachians and to the Atlantic coast by
    Tuesday morning. Severe storms could be ongoing at the beginning of
    the period along the northeast Gulf coast into GA. The warm sector, characterized by boundary-layer dewpoints in the 60s, will expand
    northward (generally east of the Appalachians) through the day as
    far north as PA. Though clouds could limit downstream surface
    heating somewhat, very strong wind profiles and focused forcing for
    ascent will favor a continuation of convection along the front, as
    well as pre-frontal convection, with the potential to produce
    relatively widespread damaging winds and several tornadoes.

    ...Previous discussion below...
    Significant severe winds and the potential for a few tornadoes will
    develop on Monday over parts of the Carolinas and Mid Atlantic.

    Models are in good agreement with the large scale pattern on
    Monday/D4, depicting a deep upper trough moving out of the
    Mississippi Valley and ejecting in negative-tilt fashion across the
    Mid Atlantic and into to the Northeast.

    Given the antecedent upper ridging on the previous day, low-level
    southerly winds will help to moisten the air mass well ahead of an
    approaching cold front. By 12Z Monday, 60s F dewpoints will already
    extend from northern GA across the Piedmont and into southeast VA,
    and this plume of moisture will rapidly spread north with near 60 F
    dewpoints into southeast PA by 00Z.

    There appears to be two regimes for severe potential on Monday.
    First, up to 1000 J/kg MUCAPE may develop well ahead of the
    approaching cold front, and there is some indication that scattered
    convection may occur across the warm sector from mid to late
    afternoon. If this occurs, supercells would be most likely, with
    potential for a few tornadoes from the Carolinas into eastern VA.

    Models also indicate an elongated pressure fall/rise couplet, which
    when combined with 50-70 kt 850 mb winds and extreme low-level
    shear, could easily result in a QLCS along the cold front with
    corridors of significant damaging winds and embedded tornado risk.

    Beyond Monday/D4, stable air behind this system will likely preclude
    any severe threat through Friday/D8.

    ..Thompson.. 03/13/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 20 08:44:10 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 200844
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 200842

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0342 AM CDT Fri Mar 20 2026

    Valid 231200Z - 281200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Monday/Day 4 to Wednesday/Day 6...
    An upper-level trough is forecast to move across the eastern U.S. on
    Monday, as a cold front advances southward into the Carolinas.
    Thunderstorm development will be possible in parts of the Carolinas
    Monday afternoon. Instability is forecast to be weak, but a marginal
    severe threat could develop in areas that heat up the most.

    On Tuesday and Wednesday, northwest mid-level flow is forecast over
    much of the eastern two-thirds of nation. This pattern will keep a
    warm and dry airmass in place over the continental U.S., making
    thunderstorms unlikely in most areas.

    ...Thursday/Day 7 and Friday/Day 8...
    Mid-level flow is forecast to become more westerly across the
    central and eastern U.S. on Thursday. In response, low-level
    moisture return is forecast from the Ark-La-Tex into the mid
    Mississippi Valley. Thunderstorm development will be possible from
    Thursday afternoon into the overnight period across the lower to mid
    Missouri Valley into the Ohio Valley, as a mid-level jet streak
    passes through the north-central U.S. On Friday, a continued chance
    for thunderstorm development will be possible from the mid
    Mississippi Valley into the southern Appalachians. Although a severe
    threat may develop on either Thursday or Friday, low predictability
    exists concerning any specific scenario.

    ..Broyles.. 03/20/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Mar 27 08:55:31 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 270855
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 270853

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0353 AM CDT Fri Mar 27 2026

    Valid 301200Z - 041200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    An uptick in severe thunderstorm potential is expected through the
    upcoming work week and heading into next weekend. Long-range
    ensemble guidance continues to show a strong signal for a return to
    mean troughing across the western to central CONUS as a long-wave
    ridge gradually de-amplifies and shifts east. This upper-level flow
    regime will promote steady lee troughing/cyclogenesis along the High
    Plains, which in conjunction with the placement of a surface high
    off the East Coast, will promote moisture return northward into the
    Plains and MS Valley. Strong to severe thunderstorms appear possible
    multiple days next week as ascent associated with upper disturbances
    embedded within the mean flow regime overspread the moisture plume.

    ...D4/Monday - Upper Mississippi Valley...
    A low-amplitude upper wave is forecast to traverse the U.S./Canadian
    border during the D4/Monday to D5/Tuesday time frame. As this
    occurs, surface cyclogenesis is expected across the northern Plains.
    A broad swath of isentropic ascent with in the warm conveyor of the
    developing cyclone will likely support showers and isolated to
    scattered thunderstorms across portions of the upper MS Valley late
    Monday. A few deterministic solutions, notably the recent 00z ECMWF,
    hint that the convective environment will be conducive for organized convection, including the potential for elevated supercells.
    However, ensemble agreement regarding this potential is limited.

    ...D5/Tuesday - Lake Michigan Vicinity...
    Confidence is gradually increasing in a regional severe weather
    threat across parts of the upper Great Lakes for D5/Tuesday. Over
    the past 24 hours, model guidance has come into somewhat better
    agreement regarding the timing and evolution of the northern Plains
    surface low through as it translates east and intensifies across the
    Great Lakes region Tuesday into early Wednesday. Above-seasonal
    moisture return northward into the Great Lakes region is anticipated
    by late Tuesday, which should support adequate buoyancy for deep
    convection. Thunderstorm development appears likely along a trailing
    cold front as it pushes southeast into the Midwest and MS Valley.
    Based on ensemble guidance, the best convective environment may
    reside across the Lake Michigan vicinity where mid/upper-level flow
    should be stronger in vicinity to the upper jet and may be more
    orthogonal to the front and supportive of more robust convection
    compared to locations further south.

    Despite the trend towards a more consolidated solution, notable
    discrepancies remain pertaining to the propagation speed of the
    upper wave and surface low, which introduces uncertainty in how
    favorably timed the strongest ascent will be with peak
    heating/destabilization and potential storm modes. These
    uncertainties preclude probabilities at this time, but highlights
    will likely be introduced as model consensus improves.

    ..Moore.. 03/27/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 4 08:46:05 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 040846
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 040844

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0344 AM CDT Sat Apr 04 2026

    Valid 071200Z - 121200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Tuesday/Day 4 and Wednesday/Day 5...
    A large area of surface high pressure will settle in across the
    continental U.S. on Tuesday and Wednesday. The associated dry and
    cool airmass will limit thunderstorm potential in most areas.

    ...Thursday/Day 6 to Saturday/Day 8...
    On Thursday, a cold front is forecast to move southward into the
    central Plains and stall, as moisture advection takes place to the
    south of the front over much of the southern Plains. A dryline is
    forecast to setup over west Texas Thursday afternoon. Thunderstorm
    development will be likely along parts of the front and to the east
    of the dryline. An isolated severe threat will be possible in the
    afternoon and evening. Models differ considerably on the
    distribution of instability, with some suggesting that instability
    will remain relatively weak. This would keep any severe threat
    marginal in most areas.

    On Friday and Saturday, a moist and unstable airmass is forecast to
    be in place over the southern half of Texas, as a shortwave trough
    moves northeastward across the region. Lift associated with this
    feature would support scattered thunderstorm development. The
    greatest severe potential both Friday and Saturday appears to be
    across south-central Texas, where the models have moderate
    deep-layer shear and sufficient instability. At this extended range, uncertainty concerning magnitude and spacing is substantial.

    ..Broyles.. 04/04/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 14 08:52:01 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 140851
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 140850

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0350 AM CDT Sat Mar 14 2026

    Valid 171200Z - 221200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    On Tuesday/D4, a large upper trough will move across the Northeast,
    though the associated surface cold front will already be well
    offshore the East Coast with high pressure over land. Behind this
    upper trough, models indicate a large upper ridge will be situated
    over the Southwest for several days, with a northwest flow pattern
    across the Plains. Given this pattern, minimal appreciable moisture
    return is expected over the CONUS, and severe storms appear unlikely
    through Saturday/D8.

    ..Jewell.. 03/14/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 21 08:31:49 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 210831
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 210829

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0329 AM CDT Sat Mar 21 2026

    Valid 241200Z - 291200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Tuesday/Day 4 to Thursday/Day 6...
    An upper-level trough is forecast to move eastward into the western
    Atlantic from Tuesday into Wednesday, as a surface high moves
    eastward across the eastern U.S. A dry airmass is forecast across
    most of the U.S., which should be unfavorable for thunderstorms in
    most areas.

    On Thursday, a low is forecast to develop in the northern U.S., as
    low-level moisture returns quickly northward into the parts of the
    Great Plains and Mississippi Valley. Thunderstorms will be possible
    across this unstable airmass, mainly Thursday night, along the
    southern edge of a passing mid-level jet streak. The greatest
    potential for severe thunderstorms is expected from the mid
    Mississippi Valley into the Ohio Valley along and near a cold front.
    At this time, the amount of spread concerning potential outcomes is substantial. An area may need to be added once model solutions begin
    to agree more, and confidence increases concerning where the
    greatest severe threat will be.

    ...Friday/Day 7 and Saturday/Day 8...
    On Friday, the front is forecast to move southward across the
    Tennessee Valley, where isolated to scattered strong thunderstorms
    will be possible during the day. The front is forecast to move
    southward to near the Gulf Coast by Saturday. Isolated storms would
    again be possible near the front. Although the current thinking is
    that any severe threat will be marginal on Friday and Saturday,
    uncertainty is substantial due to the extended range in the forecast
    period.

    ..Broyles.. 03/21/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Mar 28 08:58:07 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 280858
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 280856

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0356 AM CDT Sat Mar 28 2026

    Valid 311200Z - 051200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    A return to a more seasonal upper-level regime will promote
    strong/severe thunderstorm chances beginning D4/Tuesday and
    potentially persisting into the upcoming weekend. A well-anticipated upper-level regime shift remains likely late this weekend and into
    early next week as an upper ridge over the south-central CONUS
    de-amplifies and shifts east. The return to mean troughing over the
    West will promote persistent lee troughing and southerly return flow
    into the Plains and lower MS Valley. Long-range guidance depicts
    several upper disturbances propagating across the northern and
    central U.S. through late week, which may each support some risk of strong/severe thunderstorms.

    ...D4/Tuesday...
    A low-amplitude upper wave is forecast to traverse the U.S./Canadian
    border and into the Great Lakes region Monday into Tuesday.
    Northeastward moisture return ahead of an intensifying surface
    cyclone and trailing cold front will likely establish a fairly broad
    warm sector from the Ozarks into the Midwest/Great Lakes region.
    Thunderstorm development along the cold front is expected by late
    afternoon with most deterministic and ensemble guidance showing
    strong QPF signals. Any severe weather threat will likely be focused
    from central IL northeastward into northern IN/southern MI where
    deep-layer wind shear will be stronger in proximity to the upper jet
    and shear vectors should be more orthogonal to the front. While some
    solutions depict favorable MLCAPE and shear for organized convection
    (e.g. the 00z GFS), ensemble consensus shows muted probabilities for
    a highly favorable convective environment (e.g. recent GEFS depicts
    less than 20% probability for SCP values above 3). This suggests
    that even though some severe threat will likely materialize,
    considerable uncertainty remains regarding the quality of the
    convective environment.

    ...D5/Wednesday and D6/Thursday...
    Tuesday's cold front is expected to stall roughly along or south of
    the OH River by the afternoon of D5/Wednesday. This will maintain a
    moist warm sector across the southern Plains eastward to the TN
    Valley. Strong to severe thunderstorm potential may emerge on
    D5/Wednesday and D6/Thursday as an upper disturbance propagates
    across the southern Plains and into the OH Valley and supports
    ascent along and north of the stalled frontal zone. Given the
    relatively focused nature of the wave and attendant mid-level jet,
    widespread severe convection seems improbable, though a favorable buoyancy/shear environment is possible in the vicinity of the
    stalled front each afternoon.

    ..Moore.. 03/28/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 7 08:58:27 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 070858
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 070856

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0356 AM CDT Tue Apr 07 2026

    Valid 101200Z - 151200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Friday/Day 4 to Sunday/Day 6...
    An upper-level trough will move eastward from the eastern Pacific on
    Friday into the western U.S. on Saturday, as southwest mid-level
    flow gradually strengthens over the south-central states. In
    response, low-level moisture advection will continue over the Great
    Plains. Ahead of the western U.S. trough, a subtle shortwave trough
    is forecast to move into the southern High Plains Saturday
    afternoon. A severe threat will be possible ahead of and near the
    trough during the afternoon and evening.

    On Sunday, the western U.S. upper-level trough is forecast to move
    quickly east-northeastward into the southern Rockies. Ahead of the
    trough, a moist and moderately unstable airmass is forecast over
    much of the southern and central Plains by afternoon. Scattered
    thunderstorms appear likely to develop over much of this airmass
    during the afternoon and evening. Moderate to strong deep-layer
    shear appear likely to be in place, which will be favorable for
    severe storms. Supercells with large hail, severe wind gusts and a
    tornado threat will be possible. An isolated severe threat may also
    develop in parts of the north-central U.S.

    ...Monday/Day 7 and Tuesday/Day 8...
    A secondary upper-level trough is forecast to move into the Desert
    Southwest on Monday. Ahead of this system, a moist and unstable
    airmass is forecast to remain in place from the southern Plains north-northeastward into the Upper Midwest. Although a severe threat
    will be possible along much of the instability corridor, the
    greatest threat is expected to develop in the southern Plains, where
    model forecasts show the most favorable environment.

    On Tuesday, model forecasts have some agreement concerning the
    timing of the trough, which is forecast to eject northeastward
    across the southern and central Plains. Ahead of the trough, there
    is large variance among the models concerning the distribution of
    instability. If a moderately unstable airmass is in place by Tuesday
    afternoon ahead of the ejecting system, a severe threat will be
    likely from the southern Plains into the mid to upper Mississippi
    Valley. However, the system will probably be slower than forecast,
    which adds considerable uncertainty this late in the period.

    ..Broyles.. 04/07/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 8 08:56:36 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 080856
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 080854

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0354 AM CDT Wed Apr 08 2026

    Valid 111200Z - 161200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Saturday/Day 4 to Monday/Day 6...
    On Saturday, mid-level southwesterly flow will strengthen over the
    central U.S., as an upper-level system moves to near the West Coast.
    A moist airmass will be in place over the southern and central
    Plains, as a low-amplitude shortwave trough moves across the region. Large-scale ascent along with warming surface temperatures will
    result in scattered thunderstorm development over much of west Texas
    Saturday afternoon. MLCAPE is expected to peak near 1000 J/kg in
    some areas, with 0-6 km shear being in the 30 to 40 knot range over
    much of the southern High Plains. This should be sufficient for a
    severe threat, with large hail and severe wind gusts possible.

    From Saturday night into Sunday, strong moisture advection is
    forecast over the Great Plains. By Sunday afternoon, moderate
    instability is expected to be in place over much of this airmass.
    Isolated to scattered severe thunderstorms are expected throughout
    much of the moist sector during the afternoon and evening. Some
    model forecasts move a 50 to 60 knot mid-level jet through central
    and northeast Texas during the afternoon and evening. If this
    happens, then a substantial severe threat would be possible from
    parts of central and north Texas into Oklahoma. Severe storms,
    including supercells with large hail, wind damage and a tornado
    threat would be possible in areas that destabilize the most.

    On Monday, a moist and unstable airmass is forecast to remain from
    the southern Plains extending north-northeastward into the Upper
    Midwest. Strong to severe thunderstorm development will be possible
    over much of the instability corridor in the afternoon and evening.
    The greatest potential for severe storms is forecast from the
    southern Plains north-northeastward into the lower Missouri Valley
    and upper Mississippi Valley, where the models develop moderate
    instability and have 0-6 km shear mostly in the 30 to 40 knot range.
    Severe storms with large hail, wind damage and a tornado threat will
    be possible.

    ...Tuesday/Day 7 and Wednesday/Day 8...
    The western U.S. trough is finally forecast to approach the southern
    Plains on Tuesday, where a moist and unstable airmass should be in
    place. Some solutions suggest that a mid-level jet will move into
    the southern Plains Tuesday afternoon. This would create strong
    deep-layer shear over parts of the moist sector, suggesting that a
    substantial severe threat will be possible. Although there is still
    spatial uncertainty regarding this scenario, current model forecasts
    would support supercells with large hail, severe wind gusts and some
    tornadoes.

    On Wednesday, a shortwave trough is forecast to move through the
    central states, with a southwest-to-northeast corridor of moderate
    instability in place by afternoon from northeast Texas into western
    Ozarks. This would be favorable for severe storms. However, at this
    extended range, considerable uncertainty exists concerning severe
    threat magnitude and spacing.

    ..Broyles.. 04/08/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu Apr 9 09:00:42 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 090900
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 090858

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0358 AM CDT Thu Apr 09 2026

    Valid 121200Z - 171200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Sunday/Day 4 to Tuesday/Day 6...
    On Sunday, southwesterly mid-level flow will be in place across much
    of the nation. At the surface, a moist airmass will be located from
    the southern Plains north-northeastward into the Upper Midwest. Much
    of this corridor is forecast to become moderately unstable by
    afternoon. The greatest potential for severe storms will likely be
    in the southern and central Plains, where some solutions have a
    subtle shortwave trough. Moderate deep-layer shear and steep lapse
    rates will be favorable for supercells with large hail and severe
    wind gusts.

    Mid-level flow is forecast to gradually strengthen across the
    central U.S. on Monday. In response moisture advection will continue
    in the Great Plains. By Monday afternoon, moderate instability
    should be in place from north Texas northward into the upper
    Mississippi Valley. Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are expected
    to develop across this airmass Monday afternoon and evening.
    Moderate deep-layer shear and steep lapse rates will again be
    favorable for severe storms capable of large hail and severe wind
    gusts. A tornado threat may also develop.

    On Tuesday, an upper-level trough is forecast to move eastward into
    the southern Rockies, as an associated mid-level jet streak ejects northeastward across the southern High Plains. A moderately unstable
    airmass will likely be in place by afternoon from the southern
    Plains northeastward into mid to upper Mississippi Valley and
    southern Great Lakes. Strong deep-layer shear is forecast over the
    southern and central Plains, where a substantial severe threat will
    be possible. Supercells with large hail, wind damage and tornadoes
    are expected Tuesday afternoon and evening. An upgrade will be
    possible across parts of the threat area, once confidence increases
    on the timing of the ejecting trough.

    ...Wednesday/Day 7 and Thursday/Day 8...
    The upper-level trough is forecast to move eastward across the
    central U.S. on Wednesday, as a cold front advances southeastward
    through the Great Plains and Upper Midwest. Moderate instability is
    forecast to develop ahead of much of the front. Thunderstorms that
    form in areas that destabilize sufficiently could have a severe
    threat. The severe potential will likely continue into Thursday, as
    the front advances southeastward into the mid Mississippi Valley.
    However, model spread concerning the position of the front and
    timing of the trough increases substantially toward mid week,
    suggesting a lot of uncertainty exists at this extended range in the
    period.

    ..Broyles.. 04/09/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri Apr 10 08:30:50 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 100830
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 100828

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0328 AM CDT Fri Apr 10 2026

    Valid 131200Z - 181200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Days 4-6/Mon-Wed -- Central/Southern Plains to the Midwest...

    There is quite a bit of uncertainty regarding severe
    potential/evolution during the Monday-Wednesday period. An upper
    trough will slowly pivot across the West on Monday, and emerge over
    the central/southern Rockies by early Wednesday before finally
    ejecting across the Plains and toward the Mid/Upper MS Valley on
    Wednesday. During this time, broad southwesterly deep-layer flow
    will overspread the Plains into the Mid/Upper MS Valley.

    On Monday, a surface low will develop over the northern/central
    Plains, with a dryline extending southward across KS/OK/TX and a
    warm front extending across southern MN/WI. Several lead shortwave
    impulses will move across the Plains, though height tendencies will
    remain mostly neutral. Nevertheless, cooling aloft will support
    steep midlevel lapse rates and increasing boundary layer moisture
    (surface dewpoints in the low/mid 60s F) will support moderate to
    strong destabilization. During the evening, a southwesterly
    low-level jet will increase across the Plains, overspreading the
    surface dryline. Vertically veering wind profiles and 30-40 kt
    effective shear magnitudes would support supercells capable of all
    hazards, though storm coverage remains uncertain.

    By Tuesday, the GFS becomes more progressive with the western
    trough, ejecting it into the Plains by early Wednesday, whereas the
    ECMWF hangs the trough back west and is slower. Nevertheless, a
    similar airmass will be in place across the warm sector east of a
    dryline across the Plains and to the south of a warm front draped
    across the Great Lakes. Isolated convection may develop along the
    dryline across the Plains, posing a supercell/all-hazards risk.
    Higher storm coverage appears more likely across portions of the
    Mid/Upper MS Valley/Great Lakes vicinity closer to a surface low.

    On Wednesday, the upper trough should progress from the Plains to
    the Great Lakes while weakening some. A surface cold front will
    develop southeast across portions of the central U.S. and some
    severe risk should persist along/ahead of this boundary. How
    convection evolves on Tuesday into Wednesday will impact where the
    greatest severe risk will develop, but at least some risk should
    exist from portions of the southern Plains to the Mid-MS Valley.

    ...Days 7-8/Thu-Fri...

    Predictability is low heading into the end of the forecast period on
    Thursday and Friday as large spread exists among medium range
    guidance. However, western U.S. upper troughing may persist,
    suggesting some severe thunderstorm potential could persist for
    parts of the Plains late in the work week.

    ..Leitman.. 04/10/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat Apr 11 08:46:27 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 110846
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 110844

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0344 AM CDT Sat Apr 11 2026

    Valid 141200Z - 191200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Day 4/Tue -- Southern Plains to Great Lakes...

    A shortwave upper trough embedded within the larger-scale western
    U.S. trough will eject across portions of the Plains to the Upper
    Midwest on Day 4/Tue. As this occurs, a surface low will deep over
    the central Plains and lift northeast across the Upper Midwest/Great
    Lakes. Some uncertainty remains regarding the exact evolution of
    this system, mainly due to differences in medium range guidance with
    respect to surface low placement and timing of the upper shortwave
    trough. Nevertheless, a moist and unstable airmass is expected ahead
    of the low and to the east of a Plains dryline and south of a Great
    Lakes warm front. Thunderstorm development should be more widespread
    along these boundaries compared to prior days given stronger
    large-scale ascent will overspread the central U.S., and height
    falls will result in a more robust low-level jet response. As a
    result, an all-hazards severe event is expected from the southern
    Plains into portions of the Upper Midwest/Great Lakes vicinity on Tuesday/Tuesday night.

    ...Day 5/Wed -- Southern Plains to the Midwest...

    Medium range guidance varies heading into Wednesday with the
    operational GFS much more progressive and lower amplitude than the
    operational ECMWF. The AIGFS is much more in-line with the
    ECMWF/AIFS, so this period is weighted more toward those solutions.
    It appears the upper trough over the southern Rockies will eject
    across the Plains to the Mid-MS Valley during this time. A moist and
    unstable airmass will reside across the region ahead of dryline
    across western OK into central TX and a sagging cold front across
    the Lower MO/Mid-MS Valley. Areas of precipitation could be ongoing
    at the beginning of the period and does result in some uncertainty
    regarding where stronger destabilization will occur. Nevertheless,
    an overall favorable thermodynamic/kinematic parameter space will
    overlap this corridor and isolated to scattered severe storms appear
    likely.

    ...Days 6-8/Thu-Sat...

    Medium range guidance depicts another trough developing across the
    West on Day 6/Thu and quickly progressing east through the end of
    the period. This could support a continued severe risk across parts
    of the southern Plains into the Midwest in the Thursday or Friday
    time frame. However, run to run consistency toward the end of the
    forecast period has not been very good. Additionally, multiple
    rounds of storms across the same areas earlier in the period may
    impact later severe potential. Trends will be monitored and
    probabilities may be needed in later outlooks.

    ..Leitman.. 04/11/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun Apr 12 08:41:35 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 120841
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 120839

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0339 AM CDT Sun Apr 12 2026

    Valid 151200Z - 201200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Day 4/Wed - Southern Plains to southern Wisconsin...

    An upper trough will be oriented over the central/southern High
    Plains Wednesday morning. This feature will shift east to the
    Mississippi River by Thursday morning. As this occurs, strong
    deep-layer southwesterly flow will overspread a moist and unstable
    airmass from TX toward the Great Lakes. Some convection may be
    ongoing Wednesday morning, resulting in some uncertainty regarding
    airmass recovery and convective evolution during the
    afternoon/evening. However, persistent southerly low-level flow
    ahead of a dryline and continued warm advection should support areas
    of airmass recovery. A mix of supercells and linear segments will be
    possible, posing an all-hazards severe risk.

    ...Day 5/Thu...

    Severe potential should be lower on Thursday as the upper trough and
    weakens at it shifts east across the Ohio Valley. Widespread showers
    and thunderstorms will be possible from parts of the Great
    Lakes/Ohio Valley into the TN Valley, with modest instability and
    limited heating tempering severe potential.

    ...Day 6/Fri - Southern Plains to Upper Midwest...

    Medium range guidance has been fairly consistent the past several
    forecast cycles in bringing a large-scale upper eastward from the
    Rockies into the Plains Friday/Friday night. This should result in
    surface cyclogenesis across portions of the Upper Midwest with a
    trailing cold front extending into the southern Plains. Ahead of the
    front, a seasonally moist/unstable airmass will be in place beneath strengthening southwesterly deep-layer flow. This should support a
    severe risk ahead of the front.

    ...Days 7-8/Sat-Sun...

    The upper trough will continue east over the eastern U.S. on
    Saturday and Sunday. Stronger ascent will shift northeast into
    Canada. Deep-layer flow parallel to the surface front and a
    narrowing warm sector should limit severe potential.

    ..Leitman.. 04/12/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon Apr 13 08:46:14 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 130846
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 130844

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0344 AM CDT Mon Apr 13 2026

    Valid 161200Z - 211200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Day 4/Thu - Mid-South vicinity...

    An upper shortwave trough will develop northeast from eastern OK/TX
    to the central/southern Appalachians on Thursday. Convection is
    likely to be ongoing from the Mid-MS/Lower OH Valley to the ArkLaTex
    region Thursday morning. This will likely temper downstream
    destabilization (and overall severe risk), but a few strong storms
    are possible across the Mid-South vicinity.

    ...Day 5/Fri - Southern Plains to Iowa...

    Medium range guidance has been consistently showing an upper trough
    over the western U.S. developing eastward toward the High Plains
    Friday/Friday night. As this occurs, increasing deep-layer
    southwesterly flow will overspread a seasonally moist and unstable
    airmass. A lee low will deepen over the central/southern High
    Plains, with a dryline extending across western OK/TX during the
    afternoon. By evening and into the overnight hours, a cold front
    will spread southeast across the central/southern Plains and Lower
    MO Valley. This pattern will support a risk of severe storms across
    the warm sector from OK to IA.

    ...Days 6-8/Sat-Mon...

    Some severe risk may persist into Saturday as a surface low deepens
    over the Great Lakes and the cold front from the Day 5/Friday period
    continues to sweep east across the Midwest to the Lower MS Valley,
    becoming oriented across the Appalachians by Sunday morning. Severe
    potential may depend on how convection on Friday evolves and impacts
    the downstream airmass heading into Saturday morning, resulting in
    low predictability at this time. Strong surface high pressure will
    build across the Plains in the wake of the cold front, and Gulf
    moisture will become cut-off as the front pushes well south into the
    Gulf Basin. This should bring a reprieve from severe thunderstorm
    potential Sunday into Monday as surface high pressure envelops much
    of the CONUS east of the Rockies by the end of the period.

    ..Leitman.. 04/13/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 08:33:23 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 140833
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 140831

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0331 AM CDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Valid 171200Z - 221200Z

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Day 4/Friday - Southern Plains to Upper Midwest...

    A strong upper trough oriented from Montana to the Southwest will
    eject eastward to the Plains on Friday/Friday night. Southwesterly
    mid/upper flow will intensify ahead of this feature, with 40-60 kt
    850-700 mb flow forecast by late afternoon into the nighttime hours.
    A somewhat complex surface pattern is forecast, with a lee low
    deepening over the central/southern High Plains to western OK, and a
    second surface low near the Mid-Missouri Valley developing northeast
    into Ontario. A surface dryline will extend from the High Plains low
    to near the western OK/TX panhandle border into central TX by
    midday. Meanwhile, a cold front will be oriented from eastern MN
    into central KS at midday.

    Ahead of these surface features, a broad warm sector characterized
    by mid/upper 60s F dewpoints will be in place as temperatures warm
    into the 80s F. A plume of steep midlevel lapse rates will
    overspread the region, resulting in moderate to strong
    destabilization. Forecast soundings indicated impressive wind
    profiles supporting supercells. Initial supercell storms capable of
    all hazards (including very large hail and strong tornadoes) are
    expected. During the evening, convection may grow upscale into a
    squall line as storms near the Mississippi River, with an
    accompanying increase in damaging wind potential.

    ...Day 5/Saturday - Ohio Valley/Great Lakes vicinity...

    A severe risk will likely continue into Saturday as the upper trough
    continues to strengthen and shift east from the Plains to the Great Lakes/Midwest. Strong deep-layer flow parallel to an
    eastward-advancing cold front will overspread a moist and at least
    weakly unstable downstream airmass through evening. This will favor
    a line of convection with damaging wind potential.

    ...Days 6-8/Sunday-Tuesday...

    The surface cold front will continue east on Sunday, moving offshore
    the Atlantic and Gulf coasts during the afternoon. Severe potential
    appears limited by weak instability and mainly anafrontal
    precipitation across the Southeast to Eastern U.S. on Sunday.
    Surface high pressure and a dearth of boundary layer moisture in the
    wake of the cold front will preclude thunderstorm activity on
    Monday. By the end of the period, medium range guidance depicts
    another upper trough moving into the western U.S. and Gulf return
    flow will advect moisture back into the southern Plains. However,
    severe thunderstorm potential appears low at this time.

    ..Leitman.. 04/14/2026

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/107 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 14 08:48:53 2026
    ACUS48 KWNS 140848
    SWOD48
    SPC AC 140846

    Day 4-8 Convective Outlook CORR 1
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0346 AM CDT Tue Apr 14 2026

    Valid 171200Z - 221200Z

    CORRECTED FOR DAY 5 GRAPHIC LABEL

    ...DISCUSSION...
    ...Day 4/Friday - Southern Plains to Upper Midwest...

    A strong upper trough oriented from Montana to the Southwest will
    eject eastward to the Plains on Friday/Friday night. Southwesterly
    mid/upper flow will intensify ahead of this feature, with 40-60 kt
    850-700 mb flow forecast by late afternoon into the nighttime hours.
    A somewhat complex surface pattern is forecast, with a lee low
    deepening over the central/southern High Plains to western OK, and a
    second surface low near the Mid-Missouri Valley developing northeast
    into Ontario. A surface dryline will extend from the High Plains low
    to near the western OK/TX panhandle border into central TX by
    midday. Meanwhile, a cold front will be oriented from eastern MN
    into central KS at midday.

    Ahead of these surface features, a broad warm sector characterized
    by mid/upper 60s F dewpoints will be in place as temperatures warm
    into the 80s F. A plume of steep midlevel lapse rates will
    overspread the region, resulting in moderate to strong
    destabilization. Forecast soundings indicated impressive wind
    profiles supporting supercells. Initial supercell storms capable of
    all hazards (including very large hail and strong tornadoes) are
    expected. During the evening, convection may grow upscale into a
    squall line as storms near the Mississippi River, with an
    accompanying increase in damaging wind potential.

    ...Day 5/Saturday - Ohio Valley/Great Lakes vicinity...

    A severe risk will likely continue into Saturday as the upper trough
    continues to strengthen and shift east from the Plains to the Great Lakes/Midwest. Strong deep-layer flow parallel to an
    eastward-advancing cold front will overspread a moist and at least
    weakly unstable downstream airmass through evening. This will favor
    a line of convection with damaging wind potential.

    ...Days 6-8/Sunday-Tuesday...

    The surface cold front will continue east on Sunday, moving offshore
    the Atlantic and Gulf coasts during the afternoon. Severe potential
    appears limited by weak instability and mainly anafrontal
    precipitation across the Southeast to Eastern U.S. on Sunday.
    Surface high pressure and a dearth of boundary layer moisture in the
    wake of the cold front will preclude thunderstorm activity on
    Monday. By the end of the period, medium range guidance depicts
    another upper trough moving into the western U.S. and Gulf return
    flow will advect moisture back into the southern Plains. However,
    severe thunderstorm potential appears low at this time.

    ..Leitman.. 04/14/2026

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